Two groundbreaking studies presented at the European Society of Cardiology’s annual congress have highlighted a direct link between the consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) and an increased risk of heart disease, heart attack, stroke and high blood pressure. The revelations are a stark wake-up call, prompting experts to call for decisive global action to tackle this emerging health crisis.
Consumption of highly processed foods such as ready meals, cereals, fizzy drinks, protein bars and fast food has soared around the world and now forms a significant part of the diet in countries such as the UK and US. In some cases, these ultra-processed foods make up more than half of the average diet, with figures rising to as much as 80% in certain demographic groups, particularly those who are younger, have lower incomes or are disadvantaged.
The two major studies presented at the Heart Conference underline the growing impact of UPF on cardiovascular health:
The first, which followed 10,000 women over 15 years, found that those with the highest levels of UPF in their diets were 39% more likely to develop high blood pressure than those with the lowest levels. This association remained even after taking into account salt, sugar and fat intake.
The second study, a robust meta-analysis of more than 325,000 people, found a 24% increased risk of cardiovascular events, including heart attacks, strokes and angina, among those who consumed the most UPF.
The data showed a 6% increased risk of heart disease with just a 10% increase in daily UPF consumption. Strikingly, people whose diets consisted of less than 15% UPF had the lowest risk of heart problems.
Ultra-processed foods undergo multiple manufacturing processes, often resulting in high levels of salt, sugar, additives and preservatives. Lacking essential nutrients and fibre, these products have been linked to a range of health problems, including obesity, diabetes and cancer.
Experts believe these studies highlight a “tidal wave of harm” directly caused by UPF. They have called for significant action, including warning labels on UPF packaging, restrictions on marketing to children and a wider crackdown on the marketing of such foods.
The findings highlight the urgent need for comprehensive policy changes, public education campaigns and strategies to promote healthier eating habits to counteract the adverse effects of ultra-processed foods on cardiovascular health.
