A new study suggests that combinations of common food additives may slightly increase the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes. Published in PLOS Medicine, the study analyzed data from over 108,000 adults, focusing on additives found in ultra-processed foods.
Previous research has linked individual additives to health issues, but this study examined real-world mixtures. “In real life, we ingest a mixture of additives,” said Mathilde Touvier, co-author and director of nutritional epidemiology at Université Sorbonne Paris Nord.
The study identified five common additive mixtures from participants’ diets, found in items like plant-based milks, mayonnaise, and sugary drinks. Two mixtures—Mixture 2 and Mixture 5—were linked to a higher risk of Type 2 diabetes. Mixture 2 contains thickeners like carrageenan, while Mixture 5 includes artificial sweeteners and acidifiers.
While the study shows a correlation, it doesn’t prove that additives directly cause diabetes. Experts like Dr. Tom Rifai suggest the additives could be markers of calorie-dense, ultra-processed foods that contribute to weight gain.
The study highlights concerns about the long-term effects of food additives, but further research is needed to confirm the findings. In the meantime, experts advise being cautious with highly processed foods.
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